From 04e33460864461aff1b003770cb80424d61cbc4b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chris Troutner <chris.troutner@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2026 12:54:40 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] fix(error handling): Improved error handling. Thowing errors,
 not objects

---
 package.json                   |   2 +-
 src/blockchain.js              | 135 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 src/dsproof.js                 |   7 +-
 src/electrumx.js               |  52 +++++++++----
 test/integration/blockchain.js |  12 +--
 test/integration/electrumx.js  |  23 +++---
 test/unit/blockchain.js        |   2 +-
 7 files changed, 158 insertions(+), 75 deletions(-)

diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index f1e0a28..3a4979e 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
     "test:integration:fullstack:free": "export RESTURL=https://bch.fullstack.cash/v6 && mocha --timeout 60000 test/integration/",
     "test:integration:fullstack:x402": "export RESTURL=https://x402-bch.fullstack.cash/v6 && export BCHJSWIF=L1eYaneXDDXy8VDig4Arwe8wYHbhtsA5wuQvwsKwhaYeneoZuKG4 && mocha --timeout 120000 test/integration/",
     "test:integration:fullstack:auth": "export RESTURL=http://dev.fullstack.cash/v6 && export BCHJSBEARERTOKEN=test01 && mocha --timeout 30000 test/integration/",
-    "test:integration:local:noauth": "export RESTURL=http://localhost:5942/v6 && mocha --timeout 30000 test/integration/",
+    "test:integration:local:noauth": "export RESTURL=http://192.168.1.65:5942/v6 && mocha --timeout 30000 test/integration/",
     "test:integration:local:auth": "export RESTURL=http://192.168.1.115:5942/v6 && export BCHJSBEARERTOKEN=temp01 && mocha --timeout 30000 test/integration/",
     "test:integration:local:x402": "export RESTURL=http://localhost:5942/v6 && export BCHJSWIF=L1eYaneXDDXy8VDig4Arwe8wYHbhtsA5wuQvwsKwhaYeneoZuKG4 && mocha --timeout 1200000 test/integration/",    
     "test:integration:decatur": "export RESTURL=http://192.168.1.65:5942/v6 && mocha --timeout 30000 test/integration/",
diff --git a/src/blockchain.js b/src/blockchain.js
index f226ffd..78b9b86 100644
--- a/src/blockchain.js
+++ b/src/blockchain.js
@@ -47,8 +47,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -105,8 +108,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -155,8 +161,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -189,8 +198,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       console.log('Error in bch-js/blockchain.js/getBlockCount()')
       console.log('blockchain.js restURL: ', this.restURL)
 
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -222,8 +234,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -287,10 +302,13 @@ class Blockchain {
 
       throw new Error('Input hash must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      console.log('Error in bch-js/blockchain.js/getBlockHeader() error: ', error)
+      // console.log('Error in bch-js/blockchain.js/getBlockHeader() error: ', error)
 
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -332,8 +350,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -364,8 +385,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -380,8 +404,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -395,8 +422,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -507,8 +537,11 @@ class Blockchain {
 
       throw new Error('Input must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -543,8 +576,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -590,8 +626,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -644,8 +683,11 @@ class Blockchain {
 
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -711,8 +753,11 @@ class Blockchain {
 
       throw new Error('Input must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -724,8 +769,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -737,8 +785,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -750,8 +801,11 @@ class Blockchain {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -818,8 +872,11 @@ class Blockchain {
 
       throw new Error('Input must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/dsproof.js b/src/dsproof.js
index c6638a0..d9103a7 100644
--- a/src/dsproof.js
+++ b/src/dsproof.js
@@ -62,8 +62,11 @@ class DSProof {
       )
       return response.data
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/electrumx.js b/src/electrumx.js
index e6a876d..e4a42cc 100644
--- a/src/electrumx.js
+++ b/src/electrumx.js
@@ -120,8 +120,11 @@ class ElectrumX {
 
       throw new Error('Input address must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -204,8 +207,11 @@ class ElectrumX {
 
       throw new Error('Input address must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -305,8 +311,11 @@ class ElectrumX {
       throw new Error('Input address must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
       // console.log('Error in transactions(): ', error)
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -397,8 +406,11 @@ class ElectrumX {
 
       throw new Error('Input address must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -453,9 +465,13 @@ class ElectrumX {
     } catch (error) {
       // console.log("error: ", error)
       if (error.response && error.response.data) {
-        if (error.response && error.response.data) {
-          throw new Error(error.response.data.error)
-        } else throw error.response.data
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        if (errorData.error) {
+          throw new Error(errorData.error)
+        } else {
+          const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+          throw new Error(errorMessage)
+        }
       } else {
         throw error
       }
@@ -555,8 +571,11 @@ class ElectrumX {
 
       throw new Error('Input txId must be a string or array of strings.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
@@ -595,8 +614,11 @@ class ElectrumX {
 
       throw new Error('Input txHex must be a string.')
     } catch (error) {
-      if (error.response && error.response.data) throw error.response.data
-      else throw error
+      if (error.response && error.response.data) {
+        const errorData = error.response.data
+        const errorMessage = typeof errorData === 'string' ? errorData : (errorData.error || errorData.message || JSON.stringify(errorData))
+        throw new Error(errorMessage)
+      } else throw error
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/test/integration/blockchain.js b/test/integration/blockchain.js
index db36731..56f58d7 100644
--- a/test/integration/blockchain.js
+++ b/test/integration/blockchain.js
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ describe('#blockchain', () => {
         console.log(`result: ${util.inspect(result)}`)
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Array too large')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Array too large')
       }
     })
   })
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ describe('#blockchain', () => {
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
         // console.log(`err: ${util.inspect(err)}`)
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Transaction not in mempool')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Transaction not in mempool')
       }
     })
   })
@@ -241,8 +241,8 @@ describe('#blockchain', () => {
         console.log(`result: ${util.inspect(result)}`)
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Array too large')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Array too large')
       }
     })
   })
diff --git a/test/integration/electrumx.js b/test/integration/electrumx.js
index 005f7cf..17f1142 100644
--- a/test/integration/electrumx.js
+++ b/test/integration/electrumx.js
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ describe('#ElectrumX', () => {
         // console.log(`result: ${util.inspect(result)}`)
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Array too large')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Array too large')
       }
     })
   })
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ describe('#ElectrumX', () => {
 
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Array too large')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Array too large')
       }
     })
   })
@@ -187,8 +187,8 @@ describe('#ElectrumX', () => {
 
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Array too large')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Array too large')
       }
     })
   })
@@ -250,8 +250,8 @@ describe('#ElectrumX', () => {
         // console.log(`result: ${util.inspect(result)}`)
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Array too large')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Array too large')
       }
     })
   })
@@ -345,8 +345,8 @@ describe('#ElectrumX', () => {
         // console.log(`result: ${util.inspect(result)}`)
         assert.equal(true, false, 'Unexpected result!')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert.hasAnyKeys(err, ['error'])
-        assert.include(err.error, 'Array too large')
+        assert.instanceOf(err, Error)
+        assert.include(err.message, 'Array too large')
       }
     })
   })
@@ -359,8 +359,9 @@ describe('#ElectrumX', () => {
       try {
         await bchjs.Electrumx.broadcast(txHex)
       } catch (err) {
+        // console.error('err: ', err)
         assert.include(
-          err.error,
+          err.message,
           'the transaction was rejected by network rules'
         )
       }
diff --git a/test/unit/blockchain.js b/test/unit/blockchain.js
index 7552302..3101086 100644
--- a/test/unit/blockchain.js
+++ b/test/unit/blockchain.js
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ describe('#Blockchain', () => {
         await bchjs.Blockchain.getBlock(blockhash)
         assert2.fail('Unexpected result')
       } catch (err) {
-        assert2.include(err, 'Test Error')
+        assert2.include(err.message, 'Test Error')
       }
     })
   })